What component in a fuel-injected system measures engine load?

In a fuel-injected system, the component responsible for measuring engine load is the air flow meter. This device measures the amount of air entering the engine, which is directly related to the engine's load. When the engine is under heavier load, it requires more air, and the airflow meter provides this critical information to the engine control unit (ECU). The ECU then adjusts the fuel injection accordingly to optimize performance, efficiency, and emissions.

The air flow meter helps ensure that the right air-to-fuel ratio is maintained under various operating conditions, which is essential for the engine's performance and fuel efficiency. By monitoring the air entering the engine, it plays a vital role in the overall fuel metering system.

The other components mentioned, while important in the fuel injection system, serve different functions. For example, the fuel pump is responsible for supplying fuel from the tank to the engine but does not measure engine load. The throttle position sensor measures the position of the throttle plate, indirectly reflecting engine load but not directly measuring airflow. The mass air flow sensor, while measuring the mass of air entering the engine, is typically used in conjunction with the air flow meter or as part of the overall air intake measurement system but does not itself focus on measuring engine load